Design Fox

EVALUATION OF THE STATUS OF INDIAN-EFFECTIVE USE OF ICT IN THE INDIAN PERSPECTIVE

Today we are living in the era of information and communication in information societies are changing fast in the information society to knowledge society. Information society or rather the Japanese term "Johoka Shokai, was perceived by the Japanese writer, Yoneji Masuda," as a society, which over time would move to a point where the production value of information became the formative force in the development of society. "

In India, the importance communication equipment in people with new information and skills, and in mobilizing them for their voluntary participation in various development programs and activities has been well recognized and distinguished in the country is, the policy plan Five Year Plans. Communication is the fun, communication is power, communication is money and intelligence communication is today. Therefore the growth of a country, cultural moorings, their inner strength and competitive advantage depends largely As the power of communication. In recent years the country is on the threshold of a revolution as new satellite communication, TV, VCR are important events. In this era of high frequency information of wireless communication with digital compression technology, a microwave communication for silicon chips, satellite communications, fiber optics, telematics, computer graphics, Internet, World Wide Web, Internet Protocol TV (IPTV) interactive television (ITV), Digital Audio Broadcasting (DAB), multimedia, etc, nothing stops him and not look back. Communication wise everyone is technically bound each other and with the limitations of time and distance away, it was possible for humanity at large to be integrated into the intellectual, economic, cultural and emotional through the sharing of a global community of human resources, the transformation of virtually everyone in a "global village."

NEW COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES – Different Perspectives and meaning

The concept of Marshall McLuhan's global village is becoming increasingly interconnected by communication technologies that will define how we see the world. The Gutenberg was over. A new digital communication technology has become. An electronic highway is beginning to circle the globe as voice, video and data converge as a result bringing a new basket of digital multimedia and interactive communication technologies. New technologies such as Global Satellite Communications mobile (GSM), General Packet Radio Service (GPRS), teletext, videotext, Virtual Private Network (VPN), Wi-Fi, Coded Division Multiple Access (CDMA), etc are gaining wide acceptance because of several advantages, such as –

• Interactivity
• Demassification (Unlike the old economy (which focused more on mass production and mass distribution to a mass audience), it breaks new down economy (demassifies) production. The approach, in terms of production, is now focused on personalization, segmentation, and individualization. This trend leads to the selective dissemination).
• Asynchronity (exchange of facts, figures and conversation takes place in real time, without the presence of all participants).
• Immediacy
• Easy use

• Narrowcasting (A narrowcast is the transmission of data to a list specific receptors. Cable television is an example of a broadcast model in which signals are transmitted everywhere and anyone with an antenna can receive. The Internet uses both a broadcast and a narrowcast model. Forward to the individuals selected. Cable TV and satellite radio are examples of narrowcast services because they reach only their subscriber base. Mailing lists are another example.)

• Information (A television program with a mix of news and entertainment such as interviews, comments and reviews).
• Facility Update
• diffusion IM
• Save time and
• Profitable

The marriage of media, or rather, convergence is a reality today and India is fast waking up to the digital age, re-shaping how individuals and organizations to produce, process, market, collaborate and share information. The launch of paid services to Internet radio on Yahoo! And Rediff.com, Edge, third-generation (3G) and Bluetooth, Internet on TV, are some of the new technologies that have been used for the benefit of mankind. At the same time, there is growing consumer demand for the delivery of data, telephony services, global roaming, email, video and Internet access in a single device. These needs have led to global standards that are more open, making available the vast knowledge base and provide significant increase productivity, improved quality of life, improvements in education and recreation and intercultural understanding.

COMMUNICATIONS SCENARIO: then and now

When you get to access these new technologies, no wonder I can say sure that the Indian middle class have moved to a much faster pace than expected. If you still refuse to consider the communication scenario.

Within a decade, the average citizen has a private telephone, television and personal computer. Besides these, telephone and Internet access is increasingly provided by telephone booths and cyber cafes located in public places. In 1947, when India gained independence, there were only 84,000 telephone lines to reach a population of 300 million dollars. By 1999, India had an installed network of more than 25 million telephone lines, spread over 300 cities, 310897 4869 towns and villages, so the largest telecommunications network in India from 9 th in the world. Another most successful achievement was the introduction of telephone services Mobile in 1995, along with the paging services. In 1998, India had a million cell phone users in its four metropolitan cities, with 45% in Delhi followed by 35% Mumbai, Kolkata and Chennai 12% to 8%. Another 500 000 or existed even in the towns and cities. Previously, cell phone use was restricted only between the urban elites, business leaders and business professionals, but now the pervasiveness of rural telephones in rural areas is also very notable. These services meet the strong cultural need for a pan India to maintain constant contact with members of the family. For a vegetable vendor in a remote village Karnataka, uses his mobile phone to offer and accept orders from customers, who live in remote villages. You do not have pucca house, nor have any pucca shop. What is is a small shop to turn a two-wheel moped and a Nokia 1100 mobile phone. Again a village in Hoshiarpur Yashwant Singh of Punjab, owner of several trucks, acquired cell phone to his truck drivers to keep in constant contact with them. Many well to do farmers in India often own Mobile phones keeping in contact with block and district level officials, making sure the market information, transportation planning, Trucks and so forth. Many mobile phone users access to listen to FM radio or MP3 player, DVD player, capture images and video simultaneously and transfer via infrared or Bluetooth to other mobile users, multimedia usage over 3G (third generation), send SMS and MMS PlayGame and other different purposes.

Traditional sectors such as radio and television have also been subjected to functional shift, due to changing times and needs. DTH (Direct To Home) that technology has cross-border satellite direct programs to the homes of viewers without the intervention of the cable operators, is the future of television TV.DTH is digital, interactive and offers up hundreds of subscription channels. Also the development of radio has made giant strides in recent years. Satellite radio was a important innovation, followed by Podcasting, which is currently riding high on the success of Apple Computer ipod. Technically speaking Ipod are basically digital Basic (MP3) players with local storage and Internet access, the latter is required for downloading audio files from other web servers through RSS or XML protocol. Podcasters are like the web timber, the fans who create radio programs and commentaries, music and humor, store them in MP3 audio format and publish such as websites that are iPod enabled. Then is Digital Audio Broadcasting, which is the combination of a number of services in a frequency band called a grassroots group allowing for multiple bit stream to be created in the services of all shapes and sizes can be transmitted, thus providing perfect sound quality, free interference, capable of serving a mobile audience.

In the case of personal computers, an important factor promoting the spread of personal computers, in India, in late 1990 was the rise of different funding systems. More and more class half could buy computers. Until 2000, a typical Pentium II desktop computer costing around 50,000, which was pretty heavy burden on the middle class. But things changed with the alternative model of a part mounted on which the consumer was equipment, choosing the specific configaration a team like the speed and amount of RAM, modem speed, speakers and monitors, etc., and surprisingly all within an affordable range. Now the situation has changed to such an extent that even branded laptops are available for rs 30000.the enthusiasm for equipment was immediately visible on the Internet. Cafes rushed to take the pulse of the market in 1995 after Internet connectivity made available of individuals and organizations, on a commercial basis, rose to Internet cafes add zeal .. These coffees opportunities unleashed an individual. This allowed an individual to log into the network, navigate, play games, watch video, email, chat, e-shop for Rs10/-15/per hours. Initially central city has now spread its wings to rural areas as well, by improving themselves in the ICC (Internet Community Centers), which provides navigation by network, telephone network, telephony, multimedia, videoconferencing and photocopying services, all in one.

In addition to Internet led to an era of e-business, of e-marketing and electronic commerce. E-marketing requires the use of the Internet to market products and services, and electronic commerce are business transactions between both parties on the Internet. In India, although these concepts are relatively new, but many people and organizations are going into this business and are saving time, cost effective and most important of all ensures 100% transparency and improve efficiency. The age old concept of middle class, underhand activities and unethical practices and unjustified harassment are gradually being overtaken by these e-business. Some of these e-commerce companies that have been establised and prestigious brand name at the international level are limited to metal bonding, e-bay, Amazon.com, Aditya Birla, IFB, Dell, etc. Today the Internet is accessed via television Cable, phone, mobile phones, palm tops, and DTH, in addition to conventional computers.

1. The Internet has led to a new era in regard to the creation of wealth not only through the production, processing and transportation of goods, but also through networks using information technology knowledge, management practices and remote processing, such as helping customers, medical transcription, data processing and Internet research, etc has resulted in several new professions such as web design, ecommerce, internet patrol, writer technical content developer, multimedia specialist, graphic designer, work, etc. Today the TV is going to rise in India, taking into account the presence a robust telecommunications infrastructure, favorable policies for global free trade, and the availability of low cost English talent. Several BPO's and KPO are gaining popularity among young university graduates. Businesses, educational organizations the Instituitions are armed with the most recent of these technologies as VPN (Virtual Private Network), Wi-Fi, V-SAT and broadband, etc.

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STUDY CASE 1

Andhra Pradesh has already made four electronic government initiatives, the adoption of the old and new technologies as –

? CARD-Computer Aided Administration of Registration Department

This enables a person for registration surfaces, land purchase, make sure the value of marketing, transfer duty, etc. which was in early days and time, now only 15 minutes.

? Andhra Pradesh State Secretariat APSCAN-Network Management.

? APSWAN state of Andhra Pradesh-Wide Network

Both support networks in the interaction between the villagers, officials, block development officers, prime minister, ministries, and outreach workers via videoconference.

? TWINS-Twin Cities Network Services

This service is provided to the cities of Hyderabad and Secunderabad. Here all citizens are provided services such as electricity bill, phone bill, driver's license, possession of taxes, insurance claim, all under one roof.

CASE STUDY 2

In a country like India rural health remains a perennial problem. But Maharashtra has achieved striking success in the routing information to the villagers not only health conscious but also serve of all the benefits of physicians and drugs than their urban counterparts are used to enjoy. Is a dose of e-medicine for rural people through state. Doctors and experts together treats patients in remote interiors of Maharashtra satellite. Civic authorities ISRO (Indian Space Research Organization) and state officials have joined forces to make the success of your project. Here, patients in rural areas have easy access to modern facilities without having to travel long distances and spending a lot of money. Thus, patients and doctors in remote areas remain in constant contact through the telecommunications network.

CASE STUDY 3

Recent government records show that over 25% (of 59 million children aged school) are not yet enrolled in school. Despite these poor figures on education, India has highly competent human resources as well as a base strong in ICT, which if used at full capacity in the future, India will be one of the highest Asian countries. bridges to the future the initiative and India (BFI) is to improve basic skills, literacy and enrollment in the professional skills of young people who do not attend school and adults young people from poor communities in several states of India. to achieve these objectives, the BFI uses innovative and cost-effective ICT tools and methodologies to improve the quality of teaching, learning basic and vocational education, and to assist community members in obtaining information resources that can improve lives his daily life. Officially, the BFI is located under the aegis of MHRD and state education agencies (initially Andhra Pradesh and Karnataka, where formal memoranda of understanding was signed in May 2001.).

THE PROCESS OF INDIA computerization

 

India computerization process began in 1990, accompanied by liberalization, globalization and privatization policy, open borders for several multinationals such as McDonalds, Reebok, Pepsi, Coca-Cola, etc, and also encouraged people to decide to create their own private organization. The NEP (New Economic Policy) by Manmohan Singh, India reflects the enthusiasm to perform a computerized map. Prior to the Rajiv Gandhi government instituted policies favorable in electronics, computing and telecommunications and emphasized the application of information technology in computerization of Indian Railways reserve system, banks and land records. During his tenure, the Center for Development of Telematics (C-DOT), The Development Center for the Advancement of Computing (C-DAC)) and NIC (National Informatics Centre) were established. He also invited Texas Instruments, General Electric, Hewlett Packard and leading to increasing Bangalore Technopolis. Besides the adoption of a National Working Group in 1998 in the Atal Behari Vajpayee, under the regime of co-chairmanship of the then Chief Minister AP Chandra Babu Naidu was a milestone on the road from India to computerization. Their action plan made 108 recommendations on how to use technologies for socio-economic recommended the privatization of internal services, the waiver of license fees for private Internet, allowing service providers to cable operators and never ISD / STD booth operators to use its infrastructure to improve access to the Internet and zero duty on all products in the year 2002 ad. It further recommended that the software IT and be treated as a priority sector by banks for five years and that students, teachers and schools to provide computers at low prices. The working group wanted each ISD / STD booth in the country to become an information kiosk providing Internet access and related services such as email. More over in 1999, introduced a bill in the parliament of IT to facilitate e-commerce and e-business activities and has created a venture capital fund to fuel 25 million team up home.

Not surprisingly, some of the richest and most famous Indian IT are Premzi Aziz (Wipro), NR Narayanmurthy (Infosys), Vinod Khosla (co-founder Sun Microsystems), Sabeer Bhatia (co-founder of e-hot) and Sam Pitroda, who led the revolution in communications in the country, by far.

In the above situation can be summarized as computerization of India for the effort

? India has great potential to compete with the best in the world-Japan, Germany, USA and the United Kingdom. The rich resources, huge talent and people should be exploited million the Indian government and facilitate innovation, entrepreneurship and creativity, instead of stiffling or create barriers and red tapism, bureaucratic hurdles in the approval and licensing. enthusiasm and zeal of India should encourage young entrepreneurs to come forward and be an active member in the participatory process for development socio-economic in the country. The computerization strategy through which arises the information society focuses on new communication technologies in the technical research universities brainpower training and research and development takes place, and the policies favorable government. In eastern India is about to become a world power.

 

• The infrastructure, economic policy and various other policy and strategies should aim to facilitate communication revolution in India. For example, the OCP, the International Criminal Court, cyber cafes that have emerged have not only provided employment for young people but also has allowed people to fend for themselves and other persons with knowledge and information.

 

? Personalities of India should also play a role model for the next generation. The role of conventional media as radio and television should be imitated and most important popular media should be merged with it to create an acceptance much broader. The DD should be more innovative and the government must ensure the cable TV / DTH participation towards a more socially responsible and not only the division money.

With the development of technologies in recent decades, the role of information and communication technologies (ICT), improving economic efficiency and promote social development. Governments, private sector and civil society sector equally aware that it is "not large people are excluded the benefits of these technologies, especially those who lack the infrastructure, skills, literacy and knowledge of the Internet's dominant language-English. They also recognize the opportunities of ICT to make a difference not only to overcome existing obstacles to social and economic development of these groups, but also to transform the very systems that create these inequalities in the first place. ICT should be implemented to build an information society where women worldwide, especially disadvantaged, the poor and rural – can participate fully as citizens and reap the benefits of information revolution.

According to Robert Schware, senior specialist in computing, global ICT dep't, World Bank, said he returned to India more than 200 pilot projects in the field e-government, of which only 100 worth taking to scale and may be replicated in other parts of the country. In their responses, the general context in e-government said, "it is estimated that projects about 85% of e-governance in developing countries are a total failure, approximately 50% are partial failures only 15% can be fully seen as a success. "Although he said that the main factors for the failures include the inability to provide government services that provide benefits to citizens or businesses, the lack of clarity on the business perspective, the projects are carried out in isolation, the department rather than through of a single coordinating body and lack of political will and leadership and lack of project management skills among some.

There are many countries who have achieved a reasonable degree of success in its e-government initiatives. For example, according to Cap Gemini Ernst & Young Consulting, in 2003, Denmark achieved 72% of government services online with a score of 87% degree of sophistication. Other countries with high rates for certain services e-government includes the UK, Spain, Greece, Finland, Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Romania and Mexico. According to Sudhir Narang, Vice President government and service providers, Cisco Systems, India and SAARC, "almost every state has an IT policy in place with the aim of developing same to be a knowledge that allowed a Govt. State Govt are quick to recognize the benefits of work-enabling environment. "Shivaji Chatterjee, director Senior Sales and Marketing, Hughes Escorts Communications, says, "has a vital role to play in all transactions Govt pledges. It helps the Govt cuts red tapism, avoid corruption, and go directly to the public. "Adds Rajiv Kaul, MD Microsoft, India -" a solid technological infrastructure can help central and state govts to deliver a comprehensive set of services to citizens. "Karnataka govts The" Bhoomi "project has led to the computerization countries of the old system of handwritten records of rural land. Through it, the Dep't income. has ended the corruption of bribery mounted system involved at every step. ITC e-Choupal initiative web based only gives farmers the information, products and services they need to improve productivity, improve the performance of farm prices and reduce transaction costs. Farmers can access latest local and global weather reports, scientific agricultural practices and market prices in the village itself through this Internet portal in Hindi. A national plan of government e (2003-2007), reflects the strategic intent of the Central Government. in proper perspective. In the future State Wide Area Networks (SWAN) and the Centers Information Community (CIC), the projects must be presented to the public, backed by a strong model of public-private participation (PPP) to achieve long-term sustainability. Already the United Nations Programme for Development (UNDP) and the National Institute of Smart Government (Nisga'a) India has received first S. Public Asia ICT summit. The theme of the summit was "new models of e-Gov. In S. Asia and the world" and was intended for senior govt and policy makers from countries Asia, including S-India.

Again, if the example of Mizoram, then we can see that since its inception in 1989, the continuous and tireless efforts NIC Mizoram have led to dissemination of the culture of ICT in the state. NIC along with the government of Mizoram has taken many initiatives to facilitate and promote e-government in various sectors such as transport, land registration, public health engineering, accounting and treasury, etc –

For example, Transport communication 'Sarathi' and 'Vahan' provide a complete solution for the transportation district office (DTO), including the computerization registration, license, permit and enforcement, tax etc and a car collection of statistics information system has been developed to aid in the collection various annual reports required by the state transportation authority of Mizoram.

26 CIC (Community Information Centre) was established since 2000, that are equipped with computers, VSAT, TV, web cameras, printers, ups, etc. Two skilled workers manage these CIC, which provide the following services to the population of the distant and remote areas of the state. E-mail, web browsing and document priority, providing IT training to residents, students, etc, providing G2C (government to consumer) services such as GLP study support, council elections in the village, offers publications, notifications, etc.

Problems walking to the computerization

Although the above discussion, it would seem that India has achieved become an information society and can be considered for future knowledge society, however, to expect before arriving at any conclusion. Consider the following:

? Although India ranks 18th in the world on terms of use of television, radio and Internet and a entertainment industry size is Rs 14,400 crore in 2000, which is expected to grow to 80,000 crore rupees in 2009, however, amid the rapid rate expected media development, rural India is slightly affected. Without effective communication that no society can be fit enough to take the dynamic models of development communication. Rural India faces a lot of problems. They are: –

1. Widespread lack of communication

2. Traditional values and attitudes

. Large and diverse population of 3

4. Lower socioeconomic status

5. High cost of the media

6. Illiteracy

7. Stereotypes and prejudices

8. Lower motivation

9. Defective opinion leadership

10. Persuasion difficult

11. Difficult Feedback

12. Acute social deformity

In a society where until recently mother hardly spoke, the woman has spent nearly his life without seeing her husband, adorable children are produced without the interaction of parents think it is very difficult to consider the meaning of communication and therefore a society calls for mutual interaction, the diffusion of literacy, physical interaction, transmission institutional, political participation and cultural coexistence.

 

? Media Indian media is largely urban centric. All development that have taken place in recent years led to a rural urban divide. The major challenge is to reach the unreached and including the excluded in their efforts to create an information society for all. . After consulting at the grassroots level is essential. The best projects are established usually do not work. These end up providing information that people really need or use at a level of detail and technical incomprehensible terminology.

 

 

? Use effective ICT remains unknown to many. The lack of policy support and political will is also due to the lack of awareness of economic, political, and social benefits of ICT can bring. The level of awareness among professionals and decision makers in the region on role of ICT in development is generally low.

 

? Connectivity and access at a price affordable in the region, particularly in rural and remote areas remains a problem. Computer literacy is low and the common model based on individual access to a computer in most cases it is not feasible due to the high equipment costs and lack of energy resources. Low cost devices such as handheld computers can help alleviate this problem, but are not available or are of no use value in many rural or marginalized societies. The same applies to other useful communication technologies such as FM radio stations inexpensive, but here the challenge is often the lack of political will to open the broadcasting sector for communities to own and manage community radio and television. Even the radio and television sets provided by the government remain unutilized due to reasons such as the intermittent electricity supply, lack of repair or inadequate infrastructure.

 

?   Internet has been largely popular among people who are well versed in English. The lack of local content and diversity on the Internet as appropriate local language, issues and local needs has raised the most important challenge. Local Content Development in many languages was insufficient due to lack of language processing capacity. Tools for capturing analog content into digital format for many indigenous languages are not yet available, which has decreased the digitization of existing analog content in text mode and the development of indigenous knowledge locked pages. Failure to develop local content is also a challenge for many electronic media, and in particular for cultural and educational programs, fit the local public.

 

• The lack of software, lack of trainers local knowledge can provide various ICT-related, content development and operations of the media challenge that makes it difficult expanding the information society beyond the wealthy citizens of the region. On the other hand, most software are prepared by people who have no knowledge about the rural population, are born and raised and fed on the content of Zee, Sony, Star Plus etc problems abound. an example, the agent involved in the computerization of land records in an Indian state recently said more than half of them are controversial and legally, with the names of the dead, or illegible etc. However, the computerization of land records is on the agenda of almost all Indian states.

 

? Most traditional systems have not fully exploited. The lack of capacity for innovation and creativity is an important factor. In general, all programs are made with the bureaucratic mentality, so that if the programs are educational, they are boring because they can not maintain the interest of viewers for a long time and if they are funny, are non-educational. As a result, lack the personal touch and therefore lack credibility. More so with the failure of public service broadcasting, the meaning has been lost somewhere in the bureaucratic maze. The information people initially say they need, not always what you end up using. MS Swaminathan project in Pondicherry, for example, male farmers initially said they needed information about agriculture. In fact, its largest single use of the info people. Kiosks was to get information on programs of government.

 

 

? India experienced a high degree of change in terms of marketing and media information. proper use and meaning of information has been distorted to give rise to western media imperialism and thus the digital divide. Lack of information is real and runs and between the north-south, between rich and poor, young age, read and write, illiterate, rural and urban, men and women.

 

? IT should not be simply identified with computers and the Internet. Some of the inventive uses of IT involve radio, TV and embedded chips, satellite, etc potentially useful inventories The classic example is the use of automated butterfat assessment equipment in Gujarat, which has radically simplified the process automation and milk paid to farmers every day.

 

? Lack of business process change, in many well-intentioned projects and duplication of manual process in the environment was seen as the main reasons for the end users / people do not associate any value addition to the projects and looked at the e-government as a unwanted addition to the obstacles to cross before getting the job done. For example, Depts. Maintaining records of land especially in areas details of rural land ownership, cropping patterns etc. were computerized, but there is no legal sanctity was given to the output generated by these systems in the absence of a proportional change in the state.

 

? More talk than action, much has been spoken. Seminars, conferences and workshops at national, international, local level there has been a lot. Several plans of five years are planned. However, few actions have occurred in reality far.

 

? The financial sustainability, the goal of financial sustainability is rarely achieved. grant to start the initial costs must be borne by someone, very few projects, including the schedule of long-term sustainability and even less so.

 

• An ICT business success does not trickle down to ordinary Indians. Proposals by state governments for development for the masses often place primary emphasis on the development of software technology parks, improve education at higher levels of technology information, etc. but these goals are laudable, however, there is little evidence as to the growth rate growing software industry in relation with better living conditions, more schools and colleges, improving health, eradicating poverty, more jobs, or anything else.

 

? Apparently technical decisions that affect them, regulation, bandwidth allocation, the pricing mechanism, transmission standards, etc, can have profound effects on whether or not information technologies benefit ordinary Indians. One case is the requirement that providers of Internet security for an entire state. This effectively prevents local entrepreneurs to provide Internet connectivity in small towns and medium, as opposed to local initiatives that have helped spread rapidly satellite television in rural India. Analysis of the impact of technology decisions it for the common man is largely absent.

 

? Wiring up India- that the cost of last mile of the basic devices and local language software is reduced, the goal of wiring India will remain unfinished. Although low-cost technology solution alone can not solve the problem, but are required for India.

 

? Credibility can not believe what they are told. One of the projects to be publicized on a site visit without, That have closed, or not yet operational, or have detoriated their original goals set.

 

TIC-THE COMMITMENTS

• One of the most promising uses of ICT. In practice, these activities are distinct-

1. E-government – is the computerization of the functions of government itself, as explained especially Andhra Pradesh. This aims to connect the seat of state government to district officials, computerized registration, court proceedings, land records, government offices etc, in the interests of managers the State. Also e-government can also mean government people and people with government connections enable citizens to have direct access to the records, rules and rights information they need or want in their daily lives.

1. E-commerce – B2B, B2C, C2B, C2C platforms can be fully used for the benefit of customers and also to business organizations, for efficient operation and without problems, the practices of free and fair trade.

1. Commercial funding – financed commercially ICT networks have considerable promise. For example, the Warana project, although initially funded largely by the state of Maharashtra and Delhi, is currently managed by the co-operative sugar cane in the area and offers tangible benefits to sugar producers and producers. The draft EID Parry in Tamil Nadu Nelikuppan expected benefits in terms of better information to farmers on best agricultural practices. ITC-IBD has created a big no IT Chaupals soybeans, shrimp and coffee producers to reduce production costs which currently goes to the middlemen. It has enabled the economic capacity to proliferate in base of the rural economy by providing farmers with farming know-how and services, timely and relevant weather information, the price discovery transport and access to wider markets. Many people lack access developing countries to basic financial services such as savings, credit, insurance and money transfers. Most transactions in these economies are cash and involve very small quantities. Services supporting the needs This unique type of financial transactions can be very useful. An example is the M-PESA, one of the most popular services for developing countries, Offered by Safaricom, which is the leading telecommunications company in Kenya. At present only 10% of Kenyans have bank accounts and official M-PESA allows people without bank accounts to complete simple financial transactions, money transfer mainly from person to person. Since the introduction of the service in March 2007 three million registered users, and the service has been growing in popularity.

1. While the needs and desires of the rich urban familiar to the developed world, the unique needs of communities near the base of the pyramid suggests interesting opportunities for new services.

In IBM Research Lab India, researchers are trying to develop a mobile software platform, called the "spoken web" to provide the before-mentioned types of communities in emerging countries. Spoken Web site is a voice network, which exists and functions on the phone network rather than Internet. Accessing the web of speech does not require expensive equipment, an internet connection or the ability to read and write. voicesites people can browse and cross-talking with them of each other through voicesites voilinks, and even conduct transactions, just talking. What is a phone number can act as an address Traditional web URL, and you do not need a high-end mobile device to access the spoken web, a flat disk of your age can do the job. Interaction with customers and the dissemination of government information of all may be possible in the mobile web.

INDIO KNOWLEDGE SOCIETY

Although there are huge disparities in the way of computerization, the focus of India in the sector growth ICT has paid dividends in terms of export earnings, employment generation and its image as an emerging economy. Large corporations are becoming in the competition by implementing end enterprise solutions to interpret the data and make the pan and making decisions based on data. Many have begun to feel that the next century will be the century of knowledge. A nation's ability to convert knowledge into wealth and social good through the process of innovation will determine their future. The knowledge economy will dominate the next century.

To meet the twin objectives of growth with equity, knowledge can not be the prerogative of a few, everyone in society should have access to knowledge and become knowledge workers. The nations that do not create knowledge societies will fade into oblivion. But those who create knowledge societies has the potential to lead the world. Now, before embarking on a knowledge society, one must first know what a knowledge society? Creating a knowledge society must turn about creating, sharing and using knowledge and information to create wealth and improve the quality of life. Knowledge can be defined as knowledge acquired through research and experience, and includes

• Know what (knowledge about the fact)
• Know what (scientific knowledge of the principles and the laws of nature),
• Know How (skills or the ability to do something) and
• Knowing who (information about who knows what and how to do what).

If Indian society must become a knowledge society, then it is important that every Indian becomes a worker knowledge. We must recognize the concept of knowledge workers in the widest sense possible. It is not only scientists and technologists, who will be workers knowledge. Even a farmer can be a knowledge worker, provided you understand the land they planted their seeds and how they live in a village of information, which has the advantage of short and medium term weather forecasts to plan their farming activities and so on.

PRIORITY OF A KNOWLEDGE SOCIETY

A knowledge society is characterized by new knowledge structures, methods of dissemination and technology that allows and supports unrestricted access to knowledge control over it. Since all human activity, use and create knowledge societies today are also in this sense, knowledge societies. Activity human use and create knowledge and each society must be characterized and identified by its knowledge base (Lokavidya).

The transformation of society has to be through large scale development in education, health, agriculture and governance. These, in turn, generate employment, high productivity and rural prosperity. Such models should aim to provide opportunities for rural economic development and prosperity. Youth in the village could easily be trained to meet the demand for IT enabled services. This will also make places available and workmanship at very cheap prices compared to urban areas. This will also help stop the movement of families into urban locations. More than the model should try to improve the quality of life in rural places. Knowledge Electrical rural development is an essential need for transforming India into a knowledge-power and high bandwidth rural connectivity is the minimum requirement to bring education, health, and economic dynamism in rural areas. Knowledge society leading to knowledge superpower can thrive and survive only in the environment of economic security and internal security. Nation has to work for the transformation to developed India. For example, if people find that they can book train tickets via the web in a reliable and safe, then nobody cares to travel by motorbike or bicycle.

 

CASE STUDY 4

The knowledge system for sustainable food security in the villages of Pondicherry is the empowerment of rural women, men and children with information related to organic agriculture, economic access and use as their goal. A system of knowledge is being managed by local youth at the center of people's knowledge of the information system is computer-assisted surgery. Farmers that are becoming knowledge workers are being trained to maintain a land card "health" to monitor the impact of farming systems the physical, chemical and microbiological components of soil fertility.

Enlightened citizens with knowledge be able to see the crucial link between the 5 E namely, environment, ecology, economics, equity and ethics. There will then be guided misinformation fed by vested interests. But they will use their knowledge to decide on their own as to what's wrong and what is right. They will not stop projects that lead economic development, but it will stop those that lead to destruction.

CASE STUDY 5

Malaysia's ICT policy

  Malaysia is a middle income economy can to move from the agrarian society in one generation (for 60 to 80). ICT has played a dual role in the development of Malaysia in a product sector and the other as a strategic enabler. Malaysia took two important initiatives to address both the issues of economic competitiveness and social equality, such as the Multimedia Super Corridor (MSC) focused on developing economic and the National Programme for Information Technology (NITA) focusing on social development. In 1996 National Information Technology Council (NITC formed in 1994) came out with the national program for IT, with a focus on people development. Ita was implemented with five e-model trusts. Are e-economy, e-public services, e-community e-learning and e-sovereignty.

Access to knowledge can affect the effectiveness of when individuals feel enriched (with new ideas, solutions to problems) and are able to seek information when and where needed. Thus, initiatives knowledge management should complement the traditional networking through face to face contact. The rural population lacks the skills required to filter across the vast information available on the Internet and identify the most relevant information to them. The role of intermediaries in the interpretation of requirements information for rural communities, collecting information from public sources and dissemination of information in local language of the text and is very important, as demonstrated in the pilots in Kothamale and Pondicherry.

  STEPS REQUIRED KNOWLEDGE SOCIETY FOR FULL TEST

 

? Creating IT mind set in India –

And information technology are moving so fast that it was not possible for the general public to keep a tab on developments. There is a need for awareness among the people and their use. For example, although many people know what the Internet is, they come with only Whereas applications have minimal long-range and use in-depth and impact.

? Promotion development of an enabling policy environment –

To be a knowledge society in India should develop a comprehensive national policy to promote an enabling environment for a knowledge society for all. In the policy development process should take special efforts to address equitable access, human resources and development applications. The links between the knowledge and means of communication and in particular public service broadcasting as a conduit for content education and culture must be addressed as an integral part of policy formulation and revisions of the media law. In the formulation of India policy should promote transparent dialogue with all members, including civil society, communities and private and public sector bodies.

? Promote equitable access –

India should promote shared access through community centers multimedia and behavioral assessment of the current access patterns. India should support innovation in the low-cost access to marginalized communities specifically targeted groups. With the ability to use ICT, librarians and archivists have great potential as knowledge workers. Many libraries and archives in the region do not provide online access to their readers. Library if it is properly equipped with ICT can become for many people an effective gateway to the information society.

? Improve knowledge management capacity –

The process of knowledge management for content and availability is an essential part of modernization. human resource development in information management to knowledge workers should have a central place in the Indian media and the program. To support capacity building, particularly in the area of human resource development, India should facilitate the training of local trainers in the areas of ICT at various levels. India should also promote specialized training programs for groups disadvantaged to reap the benefits of ICT in particular ICT-enabled learning and entrepreneurial opportunities.

? The development of appropriate content

India to promote the development of appropriate content, must be based on the creation of dynamic partnerships with extension services (education, agriculture, health), government agencies, nongovernmental organizations, media organizations and organistions professional. Should be directed to the ethics and relevance of local people and their problems and needs. Universal access can not be achieved without the promotion of multilingualism in cyberspace. India should also encourage and support efforts by public colleges and universities to identify and promote technologies and tools that scan the local content.

• The development of public broadcasting

India should continue to take advantage the educational and cultural potential role of Public Broadcasting and the need for public service broadcasters to change their position to accomplish this function. The challenge to transform the public service broadcasting as a democratic platform and a tool that allows mass to migrate to a knowledge society possible is still relevant. This is more with the ability to use broadcasting as a technology for the dissemination of distance education in remote rural areas With the possibility of simultaneous data casting distance learning modules. Repositioning Public Service Broadcasting to act as an interface to bring the benefits of ICT for the greatest number of people is a challenge. India in collaboration with partners should strive to incorporate the content exchange high quality educational systems through public service broadcasting. There is also the need to ensure a greater gender balance and to support training facilities for women.

? Promotion of community radio

The central principle public interest in broadcasting is universal access. This principle of access should allow people to participate meaningfully in their community and society. It also includes greater access to the means of production and participate in broadcasting. Community owned and operated radio network radio can make a communication tool truly participatory. Community radio

1. Stimulates community involvement
2. Increases the efficiency of decentralization, increased transparency and accountability at local level. and
3. Involve people in the design, implementation and evaluation of local development programs.

Community radio also has the potential to act as an interface between communities and the Internet. The conversion of community radio in multimedia centers access to information networks should be objective of the approach of India to promote community radio.

? Regional Flagships

India should establish regional flagship programs.

1. ICT for reaching the unreached should focus on development sustainable operational models for marginalized groups to access and use knowledge resources for development.
2. Support the development of information and political communication. In case of developing a resource kit of information and communication policy that leads to knowledge society. This include general guidelines on the policy development process involving civil society and
3. Human resources development should include the development of self-learning interactive training courses to increase skills of local trainers as well as increase access to knowledge resources through a portal.

Case study 6

E-SEVA Andhra Pradesh-draft

Of only 4800 transactions per month in August 2001 to a whooping 7.5 lakh transactions per month in February 03 e-seva, Andhra Pradesh, G2C (Government to Citizens) utilities service project at the age of majority, which offers about 43 services ranging from payment of utility bills the issuing of certificates, permits licenses, reservation of buses to B2C services.

CASE STUDY 7

The project SAUKARYAM

Saukaryam in Vishakapatnam is one of the few projects using the network to effectively connect citizens to a civilian administration in real time. People can settle their bills online, review the status of the construction and plans water supply, receive information on births and deaths, garbage track clearance, even scan notices. The idea behind project is to track every service offered online by the corporation, the tax on public works to clean up the city. Also provides a forum discussion for people.

CONCLUSION

Although India can boast of a process of computerization that is down and yet, it would blunderous on their part to achieve success easily smugged partially achieved. The problems that arise are apparently tiny, are just the tip of an iceberg, which urgently requires timely intervention before assuming gigantic proportions. Instead of resting on its laurels, the government should take note of gaps in the machine itself, which seriously affects the vision of this project.

REFERENCES

1. "Within a decade …. family members," India's communication revolution, bullock carts to cyber marts Arvind Singhal Everett M Rogers and-Sage Publications.

2. "In the case of personal computers …. affordable range." India's communication revolution, the bullock carts to cyber marts Everett Rogers and Arvind Singhal M-Sage Publications.

1 .. Case study of a communication revolution in India ,—- bullock carts to cyber marts-Everett Rogers Arvind Singhal and M-Sage Publications.

2. Kewal Kumar J Communication Revolution.

3. www.bsnl.in

About the Author

A First class Third Post Graduate in Mass Communication from The University of Burdwan, currently I am working as a lecturer in the Department of Media Science , teaching Advertising, Branding and Marketing in the NSHM College of management and technology. A NET qualified MARCOM Specialist, I started my career as a Guest Faculty in The University of Burdwan and Michael Madhusudan Memorial College, Durgapur. With five years of teaching experience I have wide exposures in presenting papers in conferences and seminars, and writing in various research journals and books related to branding, Advertising, PR and Marketing.My domain knowledge spans from Advertising, Marketing and Corporate communications, in short Marcomm. I have attended and presented papers in seminars and conferences of national and international repute on Branding and Marketing. I have published papers on branding in the research journal of the University of Burdwan and ICFAI Journal of Brand Management. One of my research article is published in the executive MBA Book, of ICFAI, in September 2008. Another research article on ICT, is also due to be published in form of a book in June 2009.